What is a flexible sigmoidoscopy?
A flexible sigmoidoscopy is a procedure that allows your specialist to examine the lining of the lower part of your large bowel — the rectum and sigmoid colon — using a thin, flexible tube with a camera on the end. It is a valuable way to investigate symptoms coming from the lower bowel.
As with a colonoscopy, your specialist can take small tissue samples (biopsies) and remove small polyps during the procedure if needed. Anything removed is sent to a laboratory to be examined under a microscope.
How it differs from a colonoscopy
A flexible sigmoidoscopy and a colonoscopy use similar equipment, but they examine different amounts of bowel:
- A sigmoidoscopy examines only the lower bowel, while a colonoscopy examines the entire large bowel
- Because less bowel is examined, the procedure is shorter
- The preparation is lighter — often just an enema rather than full bowel preparation
- Your specialist will advise which procedure is right for your symptoms
A referral is required
You'll need a current referral from your GP before booking. This lets us tailor your care and ensures you can claim your Medicare rebate.
Why it's recommended
Your GP or specialist may recommend a flexible sigmoidoscopy to:
- Investigate rectal bleeding or blood noticed after going to the toilet
- Look into lower bowel symptoms such as a change in bowel habit or lower abdominal discomfort
- Assess and monitor conditions affecting the lower bowel
- Follow up findings when a full colonoscopy is not required
Preparing for your procedure
Preparation for a flexible sigmoidoscopy is usually much lighter than for a colonoscopy, because only the lower bowel needs to be clear. In most cases this means an enema or a limited preparation rather than full bowel preparation. You'll be given detailed, easy-to-follow instructions when you book, but in general:
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Before your appointment
Follow the light dietary advice you're given and tell us if you take blood thinners or have diabetes, as these may need adjusting.
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Shortly before the procedure
Use the enema or limited preparation exactly as instructed to clear the lower bowel. Full bowel preparation is usually not needed.
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On arrival
Our team will confirm your preparation is complete and answer any last questions before your procedure.
Follow the preparation exactly
Even though the preparation is lighter, the lower bowel must be clear for a clear view. Download the full preparation guide below and call us if anything is unclear.
On the day
A flexible sigmoidoscopy is a day procedure. It is usually quick — around 10 to 15 minutes — and many people tolerate it with little or no sedation, though sedation can be arranged. Your specialist will explain your options beforehand.
Your specialist will discuss what they found before you leave, and a full report is sent to your GP.
After your procedure
- You may feel a little bloated or crampy for a short time — this settles quickly
- Most people return to normal activities and eating soon afterwards
- If you had sedation, you must not drive or make important decisions for the rest of the day
- If biopsies were taken, results are usually available within about a week